shine: 物の表面をつやが出るほど滑らかにする意味で用いる

polish: 木, 皮革, 金属, ガラスなどの家具, 食器, 装身具そのほかに広く用いる

「光らせる」ことに焦点

burnish: 金属を磨く

shine: 靴を磨く

「こする」ことに焦点

rub: 床やガラスなどを磨く

scrub: ごしごし磨いて汚れを落とす

brsuh: 道具がブラシ(歯を磨くなど)

wax: ワックスを塗って磨く

grind: ガラスを研磨してレンズを磨く

source: [目をゴシゴシする女の子のGIF画像｜無料GIF画像検索 GIFMAGAZINE 873952]

verb (rubs, rubbing, rubbed) with object

move one's hand or a cloth repeatedly back and forth on the surface of (something) with firm pressure:

〖rub A with B/B over/across A〗 〈人が〉B〈手･布など〉でA〈体の一部･物の表面〉をこする, なでる, さする; 磨く; ぬぐう

e.g. she rubbed her arm, where she had a large bruise

e.g. no object : he rubbed at the dirt on his jeans.

move (one's hand, a cloth, or another object) back and forth over a surface:

«…に» 〈物･体の一部〉をこすりつける «against, on»

e.g. he rubbed a finger around the rim of his mug.

(with reference to two things) to move or cause to move to and fro against each other with a certain amount of pressure and friction:

〈両手･2つの物〉をこすり合わせる(together)

e.g. with object : many insects make noises by rubbing parts of their bodies together

〈2つの物が〉すれ合う(together)

e.g. no object : the ice breaks into small floes that rub against each other.

no object (of shoes or other hard items in contact with the skin) cause pain through friction:

〈物が〉 «…に» 触れる, 〈衣類などが〉 【体の一部に】すれる, 〈猫が〉 【人に】体をこすりつける(up) «against, on»

e.g. badly fitting shoes can rub painfully.

make dry, clean, or smooth with pressure from a hand, cloth, or other object:

〖～ A C〗 A〈物〉をこすってC〈状態〉にする (!Cは〖形容詞〗)

e.g. she found a towel and began rubbing her hair

e.g. she rubbed herself as dry as possible.

spread (ointment, polish, or a substance of similar consistency) over a surface with repeated movements of one's hand or a cloth:

〖～ A on/over B/B with A〗 A〈軟膏（なんこう）など〉をB〈皮膚など〉に塗りつける(in); «…に» …をすり込む «into»

e.g. she took out her sunblock and rubbed some on her nose.

(rub something in/into/through) work an ingredient into (a mixture) by breaking and blending it with firm movements of one's fingers:

〈クリームなど〉をすり込む; 練り合わせる.

e.g. sift the flour into a bowl and rub in the fat.

reproduce the design of (a gravestone, memorial tablet, etc.) by laying paper on it and rubbing the paper with charcoal, colored chalk, etc.

no object (of a bowl in lawn bowling) be slowed or diverted by the unevenness of the ground.

1. usually in singular an act of rubbing:

〖通例a ～〗 こすること; 磨くこと; マッサージ

e.g. she pulled out a towel and gave her head a quick rub.

an ointment designed to be rubbed on the skin to ease pain:

e.g. a muscle rub.

2. (usually the rub) a difficulty, especially one of central importance in a situation:

｟かたく/おどけて｠ ; 〖the ～; 単数形で〗 障害, 困難(obstacle)

e.g. that was the rub—she had not cared enough. from Shakespeare's Hamlet (iii. i. 65).

3. (in lawn bowling) an uneven patch of ground that impedes or diverts a bowl.

rub one's hands together to show keen satisfaction.

informal emphatically draw someone's attention to an embarrassing or painful fact: they don't just beat you, they rub it in.

rub one's nose against someone else's in greeting (especially as traditional among Maoris and some other peoples).

associate or come into contact with another person: he rubbed elbows with TV stars at the party.

rub someone the wrong way (or British rub someone up the wrong way)

irritate or repel someone (as by stroking a cat against the lie of its fur).

informal have none or hardly any of the specified item, especially money: she doesn't have two nickels to rub together.

Golf any accidental or unpredictable influence on the course or position of the ball.

good fortune, especially as determining events in an athletic contest.

dry, smooth, or clean something by rubbing.

rub the sweat from a horse or one's own body after exercise.

be transferred by contact or association: when parents are having a hard time, their tension can easily rub off on the kids.

informal, chiefly North American kill someone.

chiefly British erase pencil marks with an eraser.

Middle English (as a verb): perhaps from Low German rubben, of unknown ultimate origin. The noun dates from the late 16th century.