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1. a set of circumstances in which one finds oneself; a state of affairs:

(人の)立場, 境地, 状態

e.g. the situation between her and Jake had come to a head

(事の)事態, 情勢, 状況; 緊急事態, 難局

e.g. the political situation in Russia.

2. the location and surroundings of a place:

｟かたい書｠ 〖通例修飾語を伴って〗(建物･町などの)位置, 場所(location); 用地, 敷地; 立地条件 (!主に不動産関係で用いる)

e.g. the situation of the town is pleasant.

3. formal a position of employment; a job.

｟やや古/書｠ 勤め口, 仕事, 職(job)

late Middle English (in situation (sense 2) ): from French, or from medieval Latin situatio(n-), from situare ‘to place’ (see situate). Sense 1 dates from the early 18th century.