[*** \mathrm{ring}^1] |riNG|

1. a small circular band, typically of precious metal and often set with one or more gemstones, worn on a finger as an ornament or a token of marriage, engagement, or authority.

指輪, リング

2. a ring-shaped or circular object:

輪形の装飾品〘腕輪など〙

e.g. fried onion rings.

a circular marking or pattern:

輪, 環(circle)

e.g. black rings around her eyes.

a group of people or things arranged in a circle:

(人･物が連なった)輪

e.g. everyone sat in a ring, holding hands

e.g. he pointed to the ring of trees.

a circular or spiral course:

輪状の物［跡, 形］

e.g. they were dancing energetically in a ring.

Astronomy a thin band or disk of rock and ice particles around a planet.

〘天〙 (土星などの)環

short for tree ring.

〖～s〗 〘植〙 年輪(annual ring)

usually as modifier Archaeology a circular prehistoric earthwork, typically consisting of a bank and ditch:

e.g. a ring ditch.

3. an enclosed space, surrounded by seating for spectators, in which a sport, performance, or show takes place:

(円形の)競技場; 競馬場; 展示場; 〖the ～〗 ボクシング, レスリング.

e.g. a circus ring.

a roped enclosure for boxing or wrestling.

(ボクシングなどの)リング

(the ring) the profession, sport, or institution of boxing.

〖the ～〗 ボクシング, レスリング

4. a group of people drawn together due to a shared interest or goal, especially one involving illegal or unscrupulous activity:

(犯罪者の)一団, 徒党, 一味

e.g. the police had been investigating the drug ring.

5. Chemistry another term for closed chain.

6. Mathematics a set of elements with two binary operations, addition and multiplication, the second being distributive over the first and associative.

〘数〙 環

verb with object

1. surround (someone or something), especially for protection or containment:

«…で» …を取り囲む «with, by» (!しばしば受け身で)

e.g. the courthouse was ringed with police.

form a line around the edge of (something circular):

…を輪の形にする, 輪切りにする.

e.g. dark shadows ringed his eyes.

chiefly British draw a circle around (something), especially to focus attention on it:

｟主に英｠ …に丸を付ける, …を丸で囲む.

e.g. an area of Tribeca had been ringed in red.

2. put a circular band through the nose of (a bull, pig, or other farm animal) to lead or otherwise control it.

｟主に英｠ 〈鳥〉に足輪を付ける(｟米｠ tag); …に輪を付ける; 〈指〉に指輪をはめる; 〈家畜〉に鼻輪を付ける

see hat.

informal outclass or outwit someone very easily.

ringless adjective

Old English hring, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch ring, German Ring, also to the noun rank1.

[*** \mathrm{ring}^2] |riNG|

source: ring the bell gifs | WiffleGif

verb (past rang |raNG| ; past participle rung |rəNG| )

1. no object make a clear resonant or vibrating sound:

〈ベル･鐘などが〉 «…を告げて» 鳴る «for»

e.g. a shot rang out

e.g. a bell rang loudly

e.g. (as noun ringing) : the ringing of fire alarms.

with object cause (a bell or alarm) to ring:

〈人が〉 «…を求めて» ベルを鳴らす «for»

e.g. he walked up to the door and rang the bell.

(of a telephone) produce a series of resonant or vibrating sounds to signal an incoming call:

〈電話が〉鳴る

e.g. the phone rang again as I replaced it.

call for service or attention by sounding a bell:

〈人が〉 «…を求めて» ベルを鳴らす «for»

e.g. Ruth, will you ring for some tea?

with object sound (the hour, a peal, etc.) on a bell or bells:

〈鐘･警報などが〉〈時･警告など〉を告げる, 音で知らせる.

e.g. a bell ringing the hour.

2. with object British call by telephone:

｟英｠ «…を求めて» 電話をかける(｟米｠ call)(up) «for»

e.g. I rang her this morning

e.g. Harriet rang Dorothy up next day

e.g. no object : I tried to ring, but the lines to Moscow were engaged.

3. (ring with/ring to) (of a place) resound or reverberate with (a sound or sounds):

｟文｠ 〈場所が〉 【声･音で】鳴り響く, どよめく; 【評判などで】持ち切りになる «with»

e.g. the room rang with laughter.

(of a person's ears) be filled with a continuous buzzing or humming sound, especially as the aftereffect of a blow or loud noise:

〈耳が〉じーんとする, 耳鳴りがする

e.g. he yelled so loudly that my eardrums rang.

(ring with) be filled or permeated with (a particular quality):

｟文｠ 〈言葉･声などが〉 【耳･頭などに】残る, 響く «in»

e.g. a clever retort which rang with contempt.

no object, with complement convey a specified impression or quality:

〖～ C〗 〈言葉･表現などが〉Cのように聞こえる (!Cは〖形容詞〗)

e.g. the author's honesty rings true.

an act of causing a bell to sound, or the resonant sound caused by this:

(ベル･電話などの)鳴る音, 響き; (ベルなどを［が］)鳴らす［鳴る］こと

e.g. there was a ring at the door.

each of a series of resonant or vibrating sounds signaling an incoming telephone call.

in singular informal a telephone call:

｟英･くだけて｠ ; 〖a ～〗 電話をかけること(call)

e.g. I'd better give her a ring tomorrow.

in singular a loud clear sound or tone:

(金属･硬貨などの)鳴る音; 響き

e.g. the ring of sledgehammers on metal.

in singular a particular quality conveyed by something heard or expressed:

〖通例a/the ... ～〗 (声･言葉などの)響く音, 響き, 調子

e.g. the song had a curious ring of nostalgia to it.

a set of bells, especially church bells.

(教会などの)1組の鐘(の音)

see bell1.

see change.

cause a theater curtain to be lowered (or raised).

mark the end (or the beginning) of an enterprise or event:

e.g. the sendoff rings down the curtain on a major chapter in television history.

linger in the memory:

e.g. he left Washington with the president's praises ringing in his ears.

North American (of a telephone) be constantly ringing due to a large number of incoming calls.

commemorate the new year (or the end of the previous year) with boisterous celebration.

end a telephone call by replacing the receiver.

record an amount on a cash register.

make, spend, or announce a particular amount in sales, profits, or losses.

ring round (or ring around)

British telephone (several people), typically to find something out or arrange something.

Old English hringan, of Germanic origin, perhaps imitative.