source: Virgo | Wiki | Anime Amino

PUNISH, CHASTISE, CASTIGATE, CHASTEN, DISCIPLINE, CORRECT mean to inflict a penalty on in requital for wrongdoing.

PUNISH implies subjecting to a penalty for wrongdoing.

e.g. punished for stealing

CHASTISE may apply to either the infliction of corporal punishment or to verbal censure or denunciation.

e.g. chastised his son for neglecting his studies

CASTIGATE usually implies a severe, typically public censure.

e.g. an editorial castigating the entire city council

CHASTEN suggests any affliction or trial that leaves one humbled or subdued.

e.g. chastened by a landslide election defeat

DISCIPLINE implies a punishing or chastening in order to bring under control.

e.g. parents must discipline their children

CORRECT implies punishing aimed at reforming an offender.

e.g. the function of prison is to correct the wrongdoer

PUNISH and DISCIPLINE mean to put a penalty on someone for doing wrong.

PUNISH means giving some kind of pain or suffering to the wrongdoer often rather than trying to reform the person.

e.g. The criminals were punished with life imprisonment.

DISCIPLINE is used of punishing the wrongdoer but usually includes an effort to bring the person under control.

e.g. Parents must discipline their children.

verb with object

inflict a penalty or sanction on (someone) as retribution for an offense, especially a transgression of a legal or moral code:

〈人〉を罰する, 懲らしめる; 〖punish A for B〗 A〈人〉をB〈悪事など〉で罰する

e.g. I have done wrong and I'm being punished for it.

inflict a penalty or sanction on someone for (such an offense):

〈人･犯罪など〉に «…という» 罰を科す «by, with»

e.g. fraudulent acts would be punished by up to two years in prison.

treat (someone) in an unfairly harsh way:

〈人･物〉を手荒く扱う

e.g. a rise in prescription charges would punish the poor.

subject (someone or something) to severe and debilitating treatment.

｟くだけて｠ 〈人〉をひどい目にあわせる

punisher noun

Middle English: from Old French puniss-, lengthened stem of punir ‘punish’, from Latin punire, from poena ‘penalty’.