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PUNISH, CHASTISE, CASTIGATE, CHASTEN, DISCIPLINE, CORRECT mean to inflict a penalty on in requital for wrongdoing.

PUNISH implies subjecting to a penalty for wrongdoing.

e.g. punished for stealing

CHASTISE may apply to either the infliction of corporal punishment or to verbal censure or denunciation.

e.g. chastised his son for neglecting his studies

CASTIGATE usually implies a severe, typically public censure.

e.g. an editorial castigating the entire city council

CHASTEN suggests any affliction or trial that leaves one humbled or subdued.

e.g. chastened by a landslide election defeat

DISCIPLINE implies a punishing or chastening in order to bring under control.

e.g. parents must discipline their children

CORRECT implies punishing aimed at reforming an offender.

e.g. the function of prison is to correct the wrongdoer

verb with object

(of a rebuke or misfortune) have a restraining or moderating effect on:

〈気性･感情など〉を和らげる, 抑制する

e.g. the director was somewhat chastened by his recent flops.

archaic (especially of God) discipline; punish.

〈人〉を懲らしめる, 罰する.

chastener |ˈCHās(ə)nər| noun

early 16th century: from an obsolete verb chaste, from Old French chastier, from Latin castigare ‘castigate’, from castus ‘morally pure, chaste’.