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projection

point PROJECTION, PROTRUSION, PROTUBERANCE, BULGE mean an extension beyond the normal line or surface.
PROJECTION implies a jutting out especially at a sharp angle.
e.g. those projections along the wall are safety hazards
PROTRUSION suggests a thrusting out so that the extension seems a deformity.
e.g. the bizarre protrusions of a coral reef
PROTUBERANCE implies a growing or swelling out in rounded form.
e.g. a skin disease marked by warty protuberances
BULGE suggests an expansion caused by internal pressure.
e.g. bulges in the tile floor

source: [Fate/stay nightの衛宮士郎が投影魔術を使うGIF画像|無料GIF画像検索 GIFMAGAZINE 690214]

noun
1. an estimate or forecast of a future situation or trend based on a study of present ones:
(数値の)見積もり; (既知の情報に基づく)見通し, 予測.
e.g. plans based on projections of slow but positive growth
e.g. population projection is essential for planning.
2. the presentation of an image on a surface, especially a movie screen:
(映画・スライドの)映写
e.g. quality illustrations for overhead projection.
投影されたもの
e.g. the background projections featured humpback whales.
the ability to make a sound, especially the voice, heard at a distance:
(はっきりとした)発声.
e.g. I taught him voice projection.
3. the presentation or promotion of someone or something in a particular way:
e.g. the legal profession's projection of an image of altruism.
a mental image viewed as reality:
〘心〙 投影, 投射
e.g. monsters can be understood as mental projections of mankind's fears.
the unconscious transfer of one's own desires or emotions to another person:
感情の移入〘自己の感情を他人に投影させること〙.
e.g. we protect the self by a number of defense mechanisms, including repression and projection.
4. a thing that extends outward from something else:
⦅かたく⦆ 突起, 突出部
e.g. the particle board covered all the sharp projections.
5. Geometry the action of projecting a figure.
6. the representation on a plane surface of any part of the surface of the earth or a celestial sphere.
投影像
(also map projection) a method for representing part of the surface of the earth or a celestial sphere on a plane surface.
(地図の)投影図, 図法.

DERIVATIVES
projectionist | prəˈjekSH(ə)nəst | noun
projection (sense 2)

ORIGIN
mid 16th century (in projection (sense 6) ): from Latin projectio(n-), from proicerethrow forth’ (see project).