悲しみ

sadness: さまざまな程度の悲しみを表す一般的な語

sorrow: 喪失感や失望などによる長期にわたる深い悲しみ

grief: 不幸や災難などによる更にいたましい一時的な激しい苦痛をいう

distress: 悲しみ･心配･恐怖などによる精神的な悩みや肉体的な苦痛

DISTRESS, SUFFERING, MISERY, AGONY mean the state of being in great trouble.

DISTRESS implies an external and usually temporary cause of great physical or mental strain and stress.

e.g. the hurricane put everyone in great distress

SUFFERING implies conscious endurance of pain or distress.

e.g. the suffering of famine victims

MISERY stresses the unhappiness attending especially sickness, poverty, or loss.

e.g. the homeless live with misery every day

AGONY suggests pain too intense to be borne.

e.g. in agony over the death of their child

source: [Fate/stay nightの間桐桜が悲しみで泣き崩れるGIF画像｜無料GIF画像検索 GIFMAGAZINE 690719]

1. extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain:

苦悩, 心痛; 悲嘆; 〖時にa ～〗 «…にとっての» 悩みの種 «to»

e.g. to his distress he saw that she was trembling.

the state of a ship or aircraft when in danger or difficulty and needing help:

(船･飛行機などの)遭難, 難事

e.g. vessels in distress on or near the coast.

suffering caused by lack of money or the basic necessities of life:

困窮, 苦境; 貧苦, 窮乏

e.g. the poor were helped in their distress.

Medicine a state of physical strain, exhaustion, or, in particular, breathing difficulty:

｟かたく｠ (肉体的)苦痛; (極度の)疲労, 息切れ

e.g. they said the baby was in distress.

2. Law another term for distraint.

〘法〙 差し押さえ(物件, 財産)

1. cause (someone) anxiety, sorrow, or pain:

〈人･物･事が〉〈人〉を苦悩させる, …に心痛を与える, …を悲しませる (!分詞形容詞用法については→ distressed, distressing)

e.g. I didn't mean to distress you

〖it distresses A to do/that節〗 …して, …ということでA〈人〉を苦悩, 悲嘆させる; 〖～ oneself〗 «…で/…して/…ということに» 苦しむ, 心を痛める, 悩む «by, at, about, over, with/to do/that節»

e.g. with object and infinitive : he was distressed to find that Anna would not talk to him.

2. give (furniture, leather, or clothing) simulated marks of age and wear:

e.g. the manner in which leather jackets are industrially distressed.

distressful | dəˈstresf(ə)l | adjective

Middle English: from Old French destresce (noun), destrecier (verb), based on Latin distringere ‘stretch apart’.