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1. ascertain the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an object of known size:

…のために/計器などで/単位で» 〈物(の大きさ･量･速さなど)〉を測る, 測定する «for/with/in»

e.g. the amount of water collected is measured in pints

e.g. they will measure up the room and install the cabinets.

be of (a specified size or degree):

〖measure C〗 (測定して)Cの大きさ, 長さ, 分量がある (!Cは数字で示される〖名詞〗; 進行形にしない)

e.g. the fabric measures 45 inches wide.

ascertain the size and proportions of (someone) in order to make or provide clothes for them:

【服などのために】〈人〉の寸法をとる «for»

e.g. he will be measured for his tuxedo next week.

(measure something out) take an exact quantity or fixed amount of something:

measure out: (必要分だけ)A〈物〉の分量を量る, 量り分ける

e.g. she helped to measure out the ingredients.

2. estimate or assess the extent, quality, value, or effect of (something):

«…によって» 〈人･事(の質･価値･効果など)〉を測る, 評価する, 判断する(up) «by»

e.g. it is hard to measure teaching ability.

(measure someone/something against) judge someone or something by comparison with (a certain standard):

【人･物･事と】〈人･物･事〉を比較する «against»

e.g. she did not need to measure herself against some ideal.

no object (measure up) reach the required or expected standard; fulfill expectations:

measure up: 資格がある, 基準に達している; 【期待･標準などに】達する, 匹敵する «to» (!しばしば否定文で)

e.g. I'm afraid we didn't measure up to the standards they set.

scrutinize (someone) keenly in order to form an assessment of them:

e.g. the two shook hands and silently measured each other up.

3. archaic travel over (a certain distance or area):

e.g. we must measure twenty miles today.

1. a plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose:

〖しばしば～s〗 «…する/…に対する» (公的な)対策, 手段, 措置, 処置 «to do/against»

e.g. cost-cutting measures

e.g. children were evacuated as a precautionary measure.

a legislative bill:

法案, 議案

e.g. the Senate passed the measure by a 48–30 vote.

archaic punishment or retribution imposed or inflicted on someone:

e.g. Sir Walter had hard measure dealt out to him by his vain and weak sovereign.

2. a standard unit used to express the size, amount, or degree of something:

(度量の)単位; 度量法

e.g. a furlong is an obsolete measure of length

e.g. tables of weights and measures.

a system or scale of standard measuring units:

寸法, 分量, 長さ, 重さ, 広さ

e.g. the original dimensions were in imperial measure.

a particular amount of something:

(ある)程度, 量; 〖a ～ of A〗 ある程度, 量のA〈事〉 (!AはU名詞; 多くも少なくもない量を表すが, 時に控えめ表現として多めの量を表す)

e.g. a measure of egg white as a binding agent.

a standard official amount of an alcoholic drink as served in a licensed establishment.

(パブなどでの酒の)規定量

a container of standard capacity used for taking fixed amounts of a substance.

a graduated rod or tape used for ascertaining the size of something.

メジャー, 計量器具〘物差し･巻き尺･計量カップなど〙

Mathematics a quantity contained in another an exact number of times; a divisor.

〘数〙 約数

Printing the width of a full line of type or print, typically expressed in picas.

〘印〙 行; (組まれた活字の)幅, 長さ

3. a certain quantity or degree of something:

｟かたく｠ ; 〖a ～ of A〗 A〈感情など〉の証（あかし）, 表れ

e.g. the states retain a large measure of independence.

an indication or means of assessing the degree, extent, or quality of something:

〈人気･力量など〉の基準, 目安, 物差し

e.g. it was a measure of the team's problems that they were still working after 2 a.m.

4. the rhythm of a piece of poetry or a piece of music.

拍子

a particular metrical unit or group:

UC｟やや古｠ (詩の)韻律, 格(meter)

e.g. measures of two or three syllables are more frequent in English prose.

North American any of the sections, typically of equal time value, into which a musical composition is divided, shown on a score by vertical lines across the staff; bar.

｟米｠ 〘楽〙 小節, 小節を区切る縦線(｟英｠ bar)

archaic a dance, typically one that is grave or stately:

e.g. now tread we a measure!

5. (measures) with modifier a group of rock strata.

to a very great extent:

e.g. it irritates him beyond measure.

in addition to what has already been done, said, or given:

e.g. he added a couple of chili peppers for good measure.

to the degree specified: his rapid promotion was due in some measure to his friendship with the CEO.

consider (one's words or actions) carefully: I had better measure my words so as not to embarrass anyone.

assess or have assessed the character, nature, or abilities of (someone or something):

e.g. he's got her measure—she won't fool him.

Middle English (as a noun in the senses ‘moderation’, ‘instrument for measuring’, ‘unit of capacity’): from Old French mesure, from Latin mensura, from mens- ‘measured’, from the verb metiri.