source: Himegoto

a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people:

(特定の人･集団に与えられる)特権, 特典, 特別扱い

e.g. education is a right, not a privilege

e.g. he has been accustomed all his life to wealth and privilege.

something regarded as a rare opportunity and bringing particular pleasure:

〖単数形で〗名誉, 光栄(honor)

e.g. I have the privilege of awarding you this scholarship.

(also absolute privilege) (especially in a parliamentary context) the right to say or write something without the risk of incurring punishment or legal action for defamation.

〖具体例では可算〗(議員の)免責特権

the right of a lawyer or official to refuse to divulge confidential information.

(弁護士･医師の)秘匿特権

chiefly historical a grant to an individual, corporation, or place of special rights or immunities, especially in the form of a franchise or monopoly.

grant a privilege or privileges to:

…を特別扱いする(favor); 〈人〉に特権, 恩恵を与える; 〖～ A to do〗 A〈人〉に…する特権を与える(→ privileged)

e.g. English inheritance law privileged the eldest son.

(usually be privileged from) exempt (someone) from a liability or obligation to which others are subject.

〖通例be ～d〗 【責任･義務などから】免除される «from»

Middle English: via Old French from Latin privilegium ‘bill or law affecting an individual’, from privus ‘private’ + lex, leg- ‘law’.