[*** \mathrm{flag}^1] |flaɡ|

1. a piece of cloth or similar material, typically oblong or square, attachable by one edge to a pole or rope and used as the symbol or emblem of a country or institution or as a decoration during public festivities:

旗; 信号旗 (!国旗から小旗までの旗の総称)

e.g. the American flag.

used in reference to the country to which a person has allegiance:

〖the ～〗 (愛国心･信念･象徴としての)旗; (その旗が表す)国, 組織

e.g. the private's heroism served as an example for every soldier under the flag.

a ship's country of registry.

the ensign carried by a flagship as an emblem of an admiral's rank.

〘軍〙 将官［旗艦］旗; 旗艦

2. a small piece of cloth attached at one edge to a pole and used as a marker or signal in various sports:

e.g. jumped the starter's flag, did he?

a device, symbol, or drawing resembling a flag, used as a marker:

e.g. golf courses are indicated by a numbered flag on the map.

3. Computing a variable used to indicate a particular property of the data in a record.

4. US a hook attached to the stem of a musical note, determining the rhythmic value of the note.

〘楽〙 (音符の)はた(→ hook)

verb (flags, flagging, flagged) with object

1. mark (an item) for attention or treatment in a specified way:

〈本など〉に印を付ける

e.g. “greatfully” would be flagged as a misspelling of “gratefully.”.

draw attention to:

e.g. problems often flag the need for organizational change.

American Football charge (a player) with a penalty by dropping a penalty flag:

e.g. a play in which he was flagged for being offside.

2. (flag someone/something down) signal to a vehicle or driver to stop, especially by waving one's arm:

〈人など〉に(手を振って)合図する; 〈乗り物など〉を合図して止める; …を旗［手］で伝える

e.g. she flagged down a patrol car.

with object direct (someone) to go in the specified direction by waving a flag or using hand signals:

e.g. have him flagged off the course.

no object (of an official in football, soccer, and other sports) raise or throw a flag to indicate a breach of the rules:

e.g. the rookie cornerback managed to get flagged for three penalties in one game.

3. provide or decorate with a flag or flags.

register (a vessel) in a specific country, under whose flag it then sails:

e.g. the flagging out of much of the fleet to flags of convenience.

(of a ship) be registered in a particular country and sail under its flag.

(also show or carry or wave the flag) represent or demonstrate support for one's country, political party, or organization, especially when one is abroad:

e.g. he will never consider buying an import, because he likes to fly the flag.

put the flags out (also put out the flags)

British celebrate:

e.g. it was Monday afternoon before we could really put the flags out

e.g. temperatures are increasing again—that's why we're putting out the flags.

(of a naval vessel) make an official visit to a foreign port, especially as a show of strength.

mainly North American make an excessive show of one's patriotism, especially for political ends.

flagger noun

mid 16th century: perhaps from obsolete flag ‘drooping’, of unknown ultimate origin.

[*** \mathrm{flag}^2] |flaɡ|

a flat stone slab, typically rectangular or square, used for paving.

(舗装用)板石（いたいし）(flagstone).

late Middle English (also in the sense ‘turf, sod’): probably of Scandinavian origin and related to Icelandic flag ‘spot from which a sod has been cut’ and Old Norse flaga ‘slab of stone’.

[*** \mathrm{flag}^3] |flaɡ|

a plant with sword-shaped leaves that grow from a rhizome.

アイリス(属の諸種の植物)〘アヤメ･ショウブなど刀状葉の植物〙

the long slender leaf of a flag plant.

刀状葉

late Middle English: related to Middle Dutch flag and Danish flæg; of unknown ultimate origin.

[*** \mathrm{flag}^4] |flaɡ|

verb (flags, flagging, flagged) no object

(of a person) become tired, weaker, or less enthusiastic:

〈興味･体力などが〉衰える, 薄れる; 疲れが出る

e.g. if you begin to flag, there is an excellent cafe to revive you.

mid 16th century (in the sense ‘flap about loosely, hang down’): related to obsolete flag ‘hanging down’.