memoization
approximate computing – category of techniques to improve efficiency
computational complexity theory – more information on algorithm complexity
director string – rapidly locating free variables in expressions
Flyweight pattern – an object programming design pattern, that also uses a kind of memoization
hashlife – a memoizing technique to speed up the computation of cellular automata
lazy evaluation – shares some concepts with memoization
materialized view – analogous caching in database queries
partial evaluation – a related technique for automatic program optimization