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cost-benefit analysis
Calculus of negligence – United States legal term
Guns versus butter model – Macroeconomic relationship between defense spending and civilian welfare
Law and economics – Application of economic theory to analysis of legal systems
Opportunity cost – Benefit lost by a choice between options
Scarcity – Fundamental problem of economics where there are limited resources to fulfill society's unlimited wants
Social impact assessment – Reviews infrastructure and development
There ain't no such thing as a free lunch – Popular adage communicating the idea that it is impossible to get something for nothing
Uncertainty quantification – Characterization and reduction of uncertainties in both computational and real world applications