Bricolage – creations from whatever happens to be available

Rube Goldberg - an American cartoonist known for drawing complicated machines used for simple purposes

Jugaad – an Indian-based word for adopting innovative or simple fixes that may bend certain rules

kludge – inelegant solutions that are difficult to maintain

Upcycling – the transformation of waste into something usable for environmental preservation

W. Heath Robinson – a British artist known for drawing complicated machines used for simple purposes

Exaptation – a shift in the function of a trait during evolution

Robinsonade – a literary genre named after the novel Robinson Crusoe

Tofu-dreg project - a phrase used in Mainland China to describe a poorly constructed building

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