Egg of Columbus
Gömböc, an egg-like (convex, homogeneous, solid) 3-D body that has only one stable equilibrium
Hindsight bias, the inclination to see events that have already occurred as being more predictable than they were before they took place
Superegg, an egg-like shape designed by Piet Hein that stands on its ends
Väinämöinen in Kalevala was asked to tie an egg into a knot, in which he succeeded