Let's compare typical learning of junior high school such as teachers teach you, and the learning which required to university students such have to learn by themselves. In other words, the former is the passive learning, and the latter is the active learning.

Fig: The ratio of the passive learning and the active learning

On the bottom axis:

中学: junior high school

高校: high school

大学: university

社会: society

Activity:

期末試験: exams

部活: club activities

大学選択: university selection

入試: entrance examination

研究: reseach

就職活動: job hunting

資格試験: qualifying examination

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* student learning and university learning

In Japanese, there are two words correspond to the word student: 生徒 and 学生. Currently the section title is direct translation but I feel it is confusing and need to refine.